| DSL technologies | |
|---|---|
| Standard | |
| ADSL | ANSI T1.413 Issue 2 ITU G.992.1 (G.DMT) ITU G.992.2 (G.Lite) |
| ADSL2 | ITU G.992.3 ITU G.992.4 ITU G.992.3 Annex J ITU G.992.3 Annex L |
| ADSL2+ | ITU G.992.5 ITU G.992.5 Annex M |
| HDSL | ITU G.991.1 |
| HDSL2 | |
| IDSL | |
| MSDSL | |
| PDSL | |
| RADSL | |
| SDSL | |
| SHDSL | ITU G.991.2 |
| UDSL | |
| VDSL | ITU G.993.1 |
| VDSL2 | ITU G.993.2 |
ITU G.992.5 is an ITU (International Telecommunication Union) standard, also referred to as ADSL2+ or ADSL2Plus. Commercially it is notable for its maximum theoretical download speed of 24 Mbit/s.
ADSL2+ extends the capability of basic ADSL by doubling the number of downstream bits. The data rates can be as high as 24 Mbit/s downstream and up to 1.4 Mbit/s upstream depending on the distance from the DSLAM to the customer's premises.
ADSL2+ is capable of doubling the frequency band of typical ADSL connections from 1.1 MHz to 2.2 MHz. This doubles the downstream data rates of the previous ADSL2 standard (which was up to 12 Mbit/s), and like the previous standards will degrade from its peak bitrate after a certain distance.
Also ADSL2+ allows port bonding. This is where multiple ports are physically provisioned to the end user and the total bandwidth is equal to the sum of all provisioned ports. So if 2 lines capable of 24 Mbit/s were bonded the end result would be a connection capable of 48 Mbit/s download and twice the original upload speed. Not all DSLAM vendors have implemented this functionality. ADSL2+ port bonding is also known as G.998.x or G.Bond.
| ITU-T Spec | Description |
|---|---|
| G.998.1 | ATM-based multi-pair bonding: A method for bonding of multiple DSL lines to transport an ATM payload beyond the rate/reach capability of a single DSL loop. This protocol allows the bonding of 2 to 32 pairs and supports dynamic removal and restoration of pairs without human intervention. |
| G.998.2 | Ethernet-based multi-pair bonding: Provides a method for bonding of multiple DSL lines for Ethernet transport. This recommendation builds on the IEEE 802.3ah-2004 methods and extends Ethernet transport over other xDSL technologies, including ADSL. |
| G.998.3 | Multi-pair bonding using time-division inverse multiplexing: Details a method for bonding DSL lines using time-division inverse multiplexing (TDIM). This recommendation uses IEEE 802.3ah handshake for pair discovery, parameter negotiation, and setup. It also allows the hitless addition and removal of pairs and the fast removal of a pair upon pair failure. |
In Austria, ADSL2+ is offered by all copper-line service providers, with major ones being A1 Telekom Austria AG, Tele2 Austria, UPC and Silver Server.. The majority of DSLAMs are capable of supporting ADSL2+ technology, newer equipment supports VDSL2+, older equipment is limited to ADSL.
ADSL2+ has a coverage of 85% nationwide. Initially, ADSL2+ was used to support IPTV, this is still the case if VDSL2 isn't available. Speeds are limited at 12 Mbit/s. Belgacom's reference offer is called BROBA 2. Smaller ISPs use the BROBA 2 network, as well as providers who have their own ADSL2+ equipment.
There are a few other providers who have their own equipment installed in some cities, availability is therefore narrow:
Destiny NV offers an ADSL2+ subscription for professional use, with speeds of up to 24 Mbit/s downstream and 1 Mbit/s upstream.
Dommel offers three ADSL2+ subscriptions, with speeds of up to 24 Mbit/s downstream and 3 Mbit/s upstream (annex M).
EDPnet offers two ADSL2+ subscriptions at 24 Mbit/s downstream and 1 Mbit/s upstream with 100 GB data volume included. They are called ADSL Home (dynamic IP) and ADSL Office (static IP).
Scarlet The package is called Scarlet ADSL20 No limit. The download speed is capped at 20 Mbit/s and upload is as high as 1 Mbit/s, the download volume is based on a FUP. There are several smaller ISPs that use the services of Scarlet. Scarlet's reference offer is called BRUO. Belgacom bought Scarlet, one of the conditions was to sell the BRUO-network to a third party.
Tele2/KPN Belgium offers ADSL2+ subscriptions, the maximum speed is limited at 12 Mbit/s downstream and 1 Mbit/s upstream. There is no download limit.
ADSL2+ is offered by Logosoft in Sarajevo.
In Bulgaria, ADSL2+ is offered by the national telecom operator VIVACOM. Speeds up to 20 Mbit/s downstream and 2 Mbit upstream. Available almost everywhere DSL is offered.
In Croatia, ADSL2+ is offered by all service providers, with major ones being H1 Telekom, T-Com, Optima Telekom, Amis Telekom, Iskon and Metronet telekomunikacije. Currently all DSLAMs are capable of supporting ADSL2+ technology. The foremost reason for introduction of ADSL2+ was introduction of IPTV service by T-Com, which required major bandwidth increase.
Almost all service providers offer ADSL2+ subscriptions at speeds up to 20 Mbit/s downstream and up to 768 kbit/s upstream. Also, at all service providers, one can subscribe to a flat-rate model, which includes unlimited traffic. At a newer time IP TV offer Amis Telekom, Iskon Telecom and T-Com
In the Czech Republic, the ADSL/ADSL2+ coverage is above 90% of all fixed phone lines, however maximum attainable rates vary. In many locations, and even in major cities such as Prague or Brno, the maximum speed does not even reach 4 Mbit/s because of the telephone cabling quality. Pricing plans of the biggest ADSL provider, Telefónica O2 Czech Republic, range from €23 per month for 8,192/512 kbit/s to €27 per month for 16,384/768 kbit/s.
There is also a wholesale offer for alternative ADSL providers, nevertheless the end-user price in such case does not differ significantly from that of O2. Currently only less than 5% of all ADSL customers utilize the offers based on the aforementioned wholesale offer.[1]
There are about half dozen alternative ISPs that offer data plans utilizing the so called LLU. In this case the final price is about 25% lower than that of O2. However the LLU is typically available only in large cities. The list of LLU providers includes the following compaines:
You can check whether there are LLU offers available on your phone line. The site also estimates the maximum attainable speed on your line.
All major DSL providers in Denmark offers ADSL2+, including TDC, Telenor, Fullrate, and Perspektiv Bredbånd. As of 2007, approximately 90% of the country is covered, although maximum bandwidth (24 Mbit/s) is available in and around the cities, that is not classified as villages or smaller. TDC currently provides triple play.
ADSL2+ together with a triple play solution is deployed on a large scale by Elion Enterprises Limited. Download speeds are, depending on package, up to 16 Mbit/s (8 Mbit/s when watching DTV) and upload speeds are up to 1 Mbit/s. A map detailing the availability of ADSL2+ has been made available.[2] ADSL2+ is also offered by Elisa Eesti AS. Speeds range from 5 Mbit/s to 24 Mbit/s.
ADSL2+ and triple play solutions are offered by the major DSL providers (including Elisa Oyj and TeliaSonera) in certain areas. Usually maximum download speed when using ADSL2+ is 24 Mbit/s and upload speed 1 Mbit/s. Also Nebula, SuomiCom, DNA, KPO, Finnet and many other ISPs provide ADSL2+ connections.
ADSL2+ and triple play solutions are offered by the major DSL providers (including Orange, SFR, Free and Bouygues Telecom) except in some rural areas. Usually maximum download speed when using ADSL2+ is 24 Mbit/s and upload speed 1 Mbit/s. 30% of population is actually limited to 2 Mbit/s due the distance with local DSLAM switch
Deutsche Telekom AG (DTAG) as former monopolist controls the majority of all end user telephone lines. It has rolled out ADSL2+ technology in the past and currently deploys VDSL2 outdoor DSLAMs in urban areas. Many of the providers listed below are reselling services provided by DTAG or at least rent the last mile from it. Some exceptions are regional providers who offer to connect houses in their areas for around 8000 euros (e.g. Netcologne, Willytel, Wilhelmtel).
| DSL Type | Provider | Resale | Down (up to kbit/s) | Up (up to kbit/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ADSL2+ | Deutsche Telekom AG | no | 16000 | 1180 |
| ADSL2+ | Alice DSL/HanseNet | some | 16000 | 1024 |
| ADSL2+ | Vodafone AG/Arcor AG | yes | 16000 | 1024 |
| ADSL2+ | 1 und 1 | yes | 16000 | 1024 |
| ADSL2+ | QSC/Telefónica | some | 16000 | 1024 |
| ADSL2+ | Versatel | yes | 16000 | 800 |
| ADSL2+ | Congstar | yes | 16000 | 1180 |
| ADSL2+ | Netcologne | no | 18000 | 1024 |
| ADSL2+ | M-net | no | 18000 | 1024 |
| ADSL2+ | Willy.Tel | no | 24000 | 1984 |
| ADSL2+ | T-M-Net.de | no | 22000 | 1420 |
| DSL Type | Provider | Resale | Down (up to Mbit/s) | Up (up to Mbit/s) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| VDSL2 | Deutsche Telekom AG | no | 50 | 10 |
| VDSL2 | Alice DSL/HanseNet | yes | 50 | 10 |
| VDSL2 | Vodafone AG/Arcor AG | yes | 50 | 10 |
| VDSL2 | 1 und 1 | yes | 50 | 10 |
| VDSL2 | Willy.Tel | no | 50 | 5 |
As of January 2007, most DSL providers started offering ADSL2+ from their proprietary network. These are:
In Hungary, since mid-2006, multiple telecom companies have started offering ADSL2+ services. As of July 2007, T-Com, the biggest Hungarian ISP, is silently upgrading its customers' ADSL connections to ADSL2+, although with no speed changes.
Síminn offers ADSL2+ nationwide. Vodafone Iceland offers ADSL2+ to all its customers
Most minor and major operators, supports rates up to 20Mbit/s on ATM DSLAMs with at least one backhauling STM-1 in CO serving maximum two DSLAMs (most bigger cities, especially in northern Italy). All operators operating or owning GBE DSLAM offers 20Mbit/s rates since 2007.
GO [6], as of July 2008, started to offer ADSL2+ speeds between 8 Mbit/s and 20 Mbit/s download speeds in direct competition with local cable internet supplier OnVol. A number of lines are still using ITU G.992.1 Annex B but the company will upgrade the line on demand.
T-Home and One are the two ISPs which offer ADSL2+ in Macedonia, with download speeds up to 20 Mbit/s and upload speeds up to 1 Mbit/s. T-Home and On.net can deliver their services across the country. T-Home offer IPTV services, with high definition television (HDTV) and recently established an optical network to the users in part of the capital city of Skopje (2010).
The biggest ADSL provider, Moldtelecom is deploying ADSL2+(G.992.5 Annex A) throughout all Moldova. Their current broadband offer tops at 20 Mbit/s download 1 Mbit/s upload for $20 (€15). The new ADSL2+ infrastructure is available since December 2009. Interdnestrcom (Transnistria) - other provider's broadband offer tops at 8 Mbit/s download 512 kbit/s upload for $35 (€26) since 1 April 2010.
The other ADSL2+ provider is Starnet, which deployed its infrastructure mainly in Chisinau and Balti.
Crnogorski Telekom (T-Com) is ISP which offer ADSL2+ in Montenegro (for IPTV - Extra TV service), with download speeds up to 8.5 Mbit/s and upload speeds up to 1 Mbit/s. Crnogorski Telekom deliver its services (ADSL and Extra TV) across the country.
As of October 2005, several wholesale DSL providers (bbned, Tiscali, KPN Bitstream) have ADSL2+ coverage on more than 50% of fixed phone lines in the Netherlands. As of September 2007 coverage is optional for 75% of all landlines, with about 1% of all connections having the option for Annex M (newest DSLAMs).
As of 2006, all major DSL providers in Norway offer ADSL2+, notable are DataGuard, Telenor, NextGenTel, Get, Mimer, Enivest, Eidsiva bredbånd, NEAS and Ventelo.
Telekomunikacja Polska, Netia and Multimo are offering ADSL2+ Internet connection at speed up to 20 Mbit/s (downstream) / 1 Mbit/s (upstream) for 49-74 zł per month (approximately 12-17 €; line maintenance fee is not included).
Clix was the first operator providing ADSL2+ technology in 2005, later followed by Portugal Telecom brands and Vodafone. These operators offer download speed up to 24 Mbit/s with 1 Mbit/s up. All three operators offer a triple play solution (telephone, Internet, and TV) with TV over IP. In 2009 Portugal Telecom started installing fiber-optic across the entire country providing download speeds up to 100 Mbit/s its believed that 100% of the country will have this option available by the end of 2012\2013.
The biggest ADSL provider, Romtelecom (group of OTE) is deploying ADSL2+(G.992.5 Annex A) mainly in medium and larger cities. Their current broadband offer tops at 20 Mbit/s download 1024 kbit/s upload. The new ADSL2+ infrastructure is available since Q2 2008. Also VDSL is available starting with July 2009, with 2 commercial offers: 20/4 Mbit/s and 30/6 Mbit/s for larger cities.
The Moscow ADSL provider MTS offers ADSL2+ for some phone lines in Moscow (not all equipment on the lines is upgraded from older ADSL to ADSL2+ yet) up to 20 Mbit/s downstream 896 kbit/s upstream.
The global ADSL provider Rostelecom (offers its services under the brand Domolink) offers ADSL2+ for some phone lines in Moscow and Moscow region up to 15 Mbit/s downstream.
The Telekom ADSL provider Stream offers ADSL2+ up to 16 Mbit/s downstream and 1024 kbit/s upstream.
Jazztel, the first operator to provide the ADSL2+ technology. Orange (formerly Wanadoo) Tele2 España (bought by Vodafone in September 2007) Telefónica Ya.com (bought by Orange in 2007)
In the UK, various companies are deploying ADSL2+, with O2 and Tiscali (Talk Talk Group) having the most extensive coverage as of Feb 2009.
The majority of ADSL2+ providers use a process of local loop unbundling (LLU) by connecting a customer's phone line direct into their network, bypassing BT's core network, to provide ADSL2+ lines. The availability is then limited only by the number of exchanges unbundled by each telecom operator: it is not necessary to wait for BT Group.
BT Group, which owns nearly all the POTS infrastructure across the country, is currently beginning to roll out ADSL2+ based services as part of its 21CN programme to upgrade its core network and catch up with the already extensive coverage from O2/Be Unlimited, Sky/Easynet and others.
Such operators include:
Independent telephone companies and rural carriers of North America probably have the highest total number of ADSL2+ subscribers collectively as they are currently using such technology to deliver the so-called triple play voice, video and data services in order to compete with the RBOCs and cable companies with their incumbent local exchange carrier and competitive local exchange carrier footprint.
Telgua in Guatemala has deployed services across Guatemala City and nearby zones, its deploying ADSL2+ in other cities and now operates the largest ADSL2+ network in the country. Deliver speeds capacity up to 5 Mbit/s downstream and 1024 kbit/s upstream and increasing.
Instituto Costaricense de Electricidad (ICE) gives the services of ADSL2+ to most of the country with a speeds from 256/128 kbit/s to 4,096/768 kbit/s
Claro offers speeds ranging from 1Mbit/s down and 256kbit/s up to 50Mbit/s down and 2Mbit/s up. The upgrade to ADSL2+ was required to provide enough bandwidth for the company's IPTV and voice over IP services.
ADSL2+ (Telecom Argentina S.A. ISP:Arnet): Downstream speed up to 20 Mbit/s and upstream 512 kbit/s - www.telecom.com.ar and www.arnet.com.ar
As of late 2008, all of Australia's largest ISPs are offering ADSL2+ services delivered on a variety of networks. The following list shows telecommunications providers who own and operate their own ADSL2+ infrastructure:
Australia's first commercial ADSL2+ service was launched in 2005 by ISP Internode on the Agile DSLAM network.[9]
In 2006, Optus announced that it would sell its ADSL2+ network wholesale to other ISPs. At the completion of the rollout, the Optus DSLAM network was the largest wholesale ADSL2+ network in Australia, covering over 360 telephone exchanges.
2006 also saw Internode trial - and subsequently release - ADSL2+ Annex M services for business users.[10] In November, Telstra BigPond, Australia's largest internet service provider launched a retail ADSL2+ service to its customers. Although Telstra had been aggressively rolling-out ADSL2+ DSLAMs for some time, the company made a strategic decision to enable services only where competitors had already deployed DSLAM infrastructure, citing the possibility of a forced wholesale regime by the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission.
In 2007, OPEL Networks was awarded nearly $1 billion of government funding to assist with a rollout of broadband in regional areas. Along with wireless broadband and an extensive fibre optic transmission network, the project was to see an extended rollout of ADSL2+ DSLAMs to many regional centres.[11] The program was cancelled in April 2008 by the recently elected Labor government, citing coverage issues.[12]
January 2008 saw Telstra lifting the lid on its ADSL2+ network after the Australian government and the Australian Competition and Consumer Commission issued guarantees that the company would not be forced to wholesale ADSL2+ services from its 900 ADSL2+-enabled exchanges.[13] Seven months later, Telstra Wholesale signed agreements with People Telecom and PacNet to make ADSL2+ tails available to those customers.[14]
As of December 2008, out of 2759 ADSL-enabled telephone exchanges, Telstra has enabled 1403 for ADSL2+ services.[15]
Telecom New Zealand deployed its first ADSL2+ exchange in March 2007, and started upgrading exchanges with more than 500 lines. A program of deploying 3,600 roadside cabinets and 2,500 kilometres of new fibre optic cable to enable the delivery of broadband connections between 10 Mbit/s and 20 Mbit/s to 80% of New Zealanders by the end of 2011 was started. At Sept 2009 about 50% of the approximately 1.8M New Zealand homes were within reach of ADSL2+. With the onset of local loop unbundling, competing Internet service providers such as ihug and Orcon have also installed ADSL2+ DSLAMs in Telecom's exchanges.
On 13 March 2008, Orcon announced that it was offering ADSL2+ services to the general public. A coverage map is also available showing which parts of cities where coverage is available. Currently the following cities have some coverage: Auckland, Christchurch, Dunedin, Hamilton, Palmerston North, Tauranga, Wellington.
You can check to see if ADSL2+ has been deployed at your exchange by visiting this link Telecom NZ publishes ADSL2+ availability.
TE Data has announced the launch of ADSL2+ service with speeds up to 24 Mbit/s and they have used their wide coverage all over Egypt in order to avail this service in 99% of the land lines, building on its unique relationship with Telecom Egypt and being the largest ISP in Egypt regarding the international bandwidth available, which was clear when it was the only operating ISP during the famous marine cable cut during February 2008. while LINKdotNET had deployed ADSL2+ on a normal copper line at 5 Mbit/s, 8 Mbit/s, 12 Mbit/s, and 24 Mbit/s being the first to offer beyond the 2 Mbit/s and also providing the highest in the country. LINKdotNET claims that it has "the fastest Internet access package in the Middle East". Currently, TE Data and LINKdotNET are the only providers who provide ADSL2+ in Egypt because of their use of Alcatel DSLAMs.
LTT Company has begun providing this service in September 2007, it works fine, but the speed has not been increased yet, it is still 256 kbit/s download, and about 128 kbit/s upload.
In 2007 LTT company started to provide ADSL+2 with 24 Mbit/s downstream, also it launched in the beginning of 2009 the Wimax called Libya Max which provides internet wireless.
Three of Bahrain's ISP's:- Batelco, Etisalcom and Lightspeed Communication provide up to 16 Mbit/s downstream (512 kbit/s upstream) of ADSL2+ broadband Internet connection.[16][17][18]
BTCL - Bangladesh Telecommunications Company Limited Provides Up to 2 Mbit/sdownstream with its ADSL2+ Broadband Internet connection. Although there are new internet service providers such as qubee and banglalion who are also offering upto 2 M/bits/p/s. Other than that several other network providers such as Grameenphone, Aktel, Airtel, Citycell (zoom) and Banglalink.
Hong Kong's largest internet service provider Netvigator provides 18 Mbit/s downstream (1 Mbit/s upstream) of ADSL2+ broadband Internet connection.
BSNL offers ADSL2+ Broadband under the DataOne brand name, with advertised speeds up to 24 Mbit/s (download). Likewise, MTNL offers the Triband service. Airtel claims a maximum speeds of up to 16 Mbit/s for its ADSL2+ service. TTML and VSNL also provide ADSL2+, with speeds up to 2 Mbit/s. India has over 7 million DSL subscribers, 80% of which are on the ADSL2+ standard. In India, ADSL2+ will need to compete with the home grown and government supported HDVSL standard which supports 36 Mbit/s download speeds.
TELKOM - PT. TELEKOMUNIKASI INDONESIA Provides Up to 3 Mbit/s downstream with ADSL2+ Broadband Internet connection called SPEEDY.
Bezeq, in November 2007, started to offer ADSL2+ service at 8 Mbit/s download with 800 kbit/s upload. The service is currently available only to 40% of the customers, living near the switch. At the beginning of 2009, Bezeq started to deploy the NGN service that delivers higher speeds of up to 15Mb using ADSL2+ and up to 100 Mbit/s using VDSL2, to all customers, by cutting the distance to the DSLAM.
Qualitynet in Kuwait provides up to 24 Mbit/s downstream & 640 kbit/s upstream of ADSL2+ broadband Internet connection (depends on the quality of the line which varies from an area to another).
UPDATE: Beginning from November 2010, the service bandwidth has been downgraded to 8 Mbit/s downstream maximum and increase in prices went up to 65%.
Ogero has started to deploy ADSL2+ in Lebanon in June 2007. Months after, it is still facing technical problems, and more than 3/4 of Lebanon is still not covered. The local incumbent telecom Ogero does not allow fair competition between providers because the state monopoly has the prices fixed. The cost of installation is around 55,000 L.L ($36.66) and the standard internet fee is 35,000 L.L ($23.33) at 128 kbit/s. Maximum speed obtainable with the ADSL 2+ in Lebanon is 1 Mbit/s download but that is divided between several users. Also download data is limited to around 5 GB per user on a 1 Mbit/s connection.
Nepal Telecom was the first telecommunication company to start ADSL2+ service in Nepal, in April 2008. They started the service in Kathmandu Valley with 22,000 ADSL2+ ports. They have since expanded the service throughout the nation in multiple phases in all 75 districts by now. As of November, 2009, they offer two plans with 128 kbit/s and 256 kbit/s downstream to their customers. Later in February 2011, they upgraded 128 kbit/s to 192 kbit/s and 256 kbit/s to 384 kbit/s. Now they have started 512 kbit/s, 1 Mbit/s and 2mps also but only to corporate offices, schools, or organizations but not for the residential use.
Omantel company provides ADSL2+ in Oman. Starting on April 27, 2008 to be the first telecommunication company that provides ADSL+ in the Persian Gulf region.
STC offers ADSL2+ service at maximum of 20 Mbit/s downstream data rate. The service is called Xband Jood and as of 2010 costs SAR 296 per month (approx USD $80/month ). The maximum attainable data rate however depends on the location and is usually less than stated maximum of 20 Mbit/s at most locations.
Singapore's largest ADSL internet service provider SingNet under the subsidiary of SingTel provides 25 Mbit/s downstream and 1 Mbit/s upstream of ADSL2+ broadband Internet connection.
Hi-Speed Internet ISPs deploy ADSL2+ Services over POTS. There is also Annex M support in some areas.
Etisalat offers ADSL2+ in speeds of 2 Mbit/s all over the UAE, and up to 4 Mbit/s in some areas that support it. Etisalat have chosen not to improve their ADSL speeds any further, as they have already started implementing high speed cable connections using fiber optics, which supports speeds up to 30Mbit/s.